La ley S.O.P.A.

Copywright derechos de autor Enredados Ley Sinde Ley SOPA redes sociales S-O.P.A. Tomas Abarca
Por: Tomás Abarca

S.O.P.A; son las siglas de Stop Online Piracy Act algo que en cristiano significa algo como: Paren los Actos de Piratería en Línea, un proyecto de ley presentado ante el Congreso de los Estados Unidos durante el mes de octubre de 2011 y que pretende dar poder al Gobierno de Estados Unidos para que pueda inhabilitar cualquier sitio web sospechoso de alojar material sin el consentimiento del autor intelectual de la obra o de su propietario original.

La iniciativa cuyo objetivo central es combatir la piratería sancionaría; por un lado a aquellas páginas que distribuyen contenidos sin autorización llámense: Música, películas, textos, fotografías, ilustraciones, imágenes, etc. A quienes facilitan el uso de estos archivos y a los proveedores o facilitadores de la descarga de estos archivos “Ilegales”.

Por ejemplo: en el caso de un blog que albergue música, la primera figura en cometer la infracción seria el responsable del sitio, en caso de que para proceder a hacer la descarga del disco hubiese que ingresar un código o clave quien proporcione dicha información sería el segundo inculpado y como tercer cómplice estaría la web desde donde se aloja el contenido y se realiza la descarga (Megaupload, Megavideo, Rapidshare, etc.).

La propuesta de ley financiada y promovida en gran medida por las compañías productoras y discográficas a la cual sus detractores ya le han puesto el mote del “Muro de Internet” aplicaría sanciones como las siguientes:

– Bloquear a los proveedores de servicios que no tomen medidas ante una “alta probabilidad” de infringir los derechos de autor o propiedad intelectual.

– Injerencia para Inhabilitar un sitio únicamente por considerarlo sospechoso, prescindiendo incluso de una orden judicial.


– Cualquier sitio infractor será sometido a una serie de avisos para rectificarse y a una asfixia financiera, haciendo llegar avisos a los sitios de financiación o que faciliten sus operaciones (Paypal, tarjetas de crédito, entre otros) para que detengan o bloqueen las operaciones realizadas con ese sitio.

El antecedente más cercano a esta propuesta es la polémica Ley de Economía Sostenible, también conocida como: Ley Sinde misma que fue promovida por la ex Ministra de Cultura Ángeles González – Sinde implementada desde marzo de 2011 la cual es relativa a la regulación de páginas web, buscando la protección de la propiedad intelectual.

Hay a quienes NO les gusta la S.O.P.A.

Un grupo de usuarios y empresas alrededor del mundo que están en desacuerdo con la entrada en vigor de esta ley por considerarla un ataque a la libertad de expresión se han organizado y están trabajando para informar a la sociedad sobre las grandes desventajas que conlleva la aprobación de la propuesta.

Uno de los más fuertes opositores a S.O.P. A. es Jimmy Wales fundador de Wikipedia, , quien afirma que “esta ley podría en uso herramientas de censura sin precedentes” y advierte que podría provocar el cierre masivo de sitios web sin fundamento alguno.

Algunas empresas como: Google, Facebook, Wikipedia, Twitter y LinkedIn también preparan su ofensiva. Por lo pronto planean un apagón virtual para el próximo 23 de enero como medida de presión.

La ley que pretende prohibir la descarga de películas, canciones, libros, imágenes, software y todo tipo de contenido en línea “en pro de los derechos de autor” y busca convertir a internet en un carrito de compras, será debatida el 24 de enero en el Congreso de los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica, habría que conocer el punto de vista de los artistas, sobre todo aquellos que han hecho de la Internet el principal canal de distribución de su obra.

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