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La sicoterapeuta Marina Castañeda Gutman, autora del libro Amores virtuales, asegura que Internet está suplantando la realidad. “Estamos entrando a un mundo nuevo.
“Internet se parece mucho al inconsciente, porque tiene las mismas reglas de funcionamiento onírico, donde puedes cambiar tu identidad, crearte un avatar, elegir ser hombre o mujer; viejo o joven. Puedes ser especialista en física nuclear o en cocina tailandesa.
“En el mundo virtual todos tus deseos y fantasías se cumplen, así como viajar en el tiempo y en el espacio; ser la persona que deseas y encontrar amistad, amor, sexo, bienes y servicios, información. La red está cambiando nuestra manera de comunicarnos y de relacionarnos.”
De acuerdo con Castañeda, nuestra vida transcurre en Internet, llámese trabajo, relaciones sociales, amor y sexo, porque el mundo virtual proporciona satisfacción instantánea las 24 horas del día; así que esta situación ha cambiado la manera de la sociedad de vivir en la realidad.
“Nos estamos volviendo más exigentes, más impacientes. Si no hacemos click con alguien vamos a next. El lema en las relaciones sociales en Internet es next, pero lamentablemente esto se ha extendido a la realidad y está cambiando la sicología en una nueva que apenas estamos vislumbrando”, sostiene.
Para Castañeda, las redes sociales como Facebook y Twitter, así como el messenger y los blogs, entre otros, crean expectativas e ilusiones muy peligrosas. En el caso de los jóvenes que envían mensajes de texto, al no tener una respuesta inmediata de la persona comienzan a preocuparse y a dudar de su relación.
“Esto lo veo con mis pacientes, especialmente mujeres, que al no recibir una respuesta inmediata a su chat o a su llamada, comienzan a dudar del amor de la otra persona. Esta expectativa de una respuesta inmediata causa mucho daño”, explica la sicoterapeuta.
“Nos estamos acostumbrando a escoger a la gente como si fueran objetos al leer la información de su perfil. Quiero un aries amante de los gatos, buen cocinero y que le guste la naturaleza, pero si no cumples con esos requisitos, next. Esto lo hacemos también en la realidad.”
En su novela, el protagonista, Ulises Blanco, reconocido siquiatra, recibe una serie de correos electrónicos anónimos que le hacen rexaminar su vida y cuestionar el sentido de su profesión. “Descubre la realidad de su vida en el universo virtual. Tiene que alejarse de la realidad y adentrarse en mundos virtuales para entenderse a sí mismo y humanizarse; es el gran explorador de las tierras incógnitas”.
El libro Amores virtuales, editado por Plaza y Janés, aborda el tema de la sicología en Internet. El protagonista de la historia busca ayuda y recurre a un programa de sicoterapia virtual, pues no quiere exponerse con un colega y así puede elegir a su terapeuta.
“En la historia de la sicología –agrega la autora– siempre se ha planteado la pregunta: ¿quién es el sicoterapeuta ideal para tal persona?”
Castañeda también aborda en la novela el amor virtual, ya que en la actualidad las personas buscan parejas en línea y viven amores virtuales que pueden ser reales e intensos.
“Podríamos preguntarnos si todo amor no es virtual. Desde Freud sabemos que todo amor, todo enamoramiento, tiene componentes de nuestro pasado, de mamá, papá o de una figura ideal de la persona que quisiéramos ser. Todo amor es fantasmagórico y, por tanto, virtual”, señala Castañeda, quien también ha escrito los libros El machismo invisible y La experiencia homosexual.
El Internet figura en toda la novela como el vasto inconsciente de nuestra era, donde todo es posible y todas las fantasías se cumplen, pero a la vez, inhabilitan la vida en la realidad.
De acuerdo con la sicoterapeuta, existen estudios en Japón que afirman que los jóvenes viven realidades virtuales y no salen de sus habitaciones. “Se trata de una nueva realidad y cultura, y los sociólogos y sicólogos apenas están comenzando a explorar estos fenómenos, como Second life o Virtual world”.
Marina Casteñeda Gutman, quien estudió letras, historia, sicología y música en las universidades de Harvard, Stanford y en la Ecole Normale Supérieure, de París, presentará a finales de 2010 un ensayo sobre aspectos sicológicos y sociales de la escucha.
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